The Mailer Review/Volume 5, 2011/From Here to Eternity and The Naked and the Dead: Premiere to Eternity?: Difference between revisions

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style=”font-size:22px;>{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>''From Here to Eternity'' and ''The Naked and the Dead'': Premiere to Eternity?}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>''From Here to Eternity'' and ''The Naked and the Dead'': Premiere to Eternity?}}
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{{byline|last=Hicks|first=Alexander |abstract=A review of ''From Here To Eternity'' and ''The Naked and The Dead''. |url=http://prmlr.us/mr05hic}}
{{byline|last=Hicks|first=Alexander |abstract=A review of ''From Here To Eternity'' and ''The Naked and The Dead''. |url=http://prmlr.us/mr05hic}}
{{cquote|The novelist deals with personality, with characters wearing their personae or social masks. He needs the framework of a stable society, and many of our best novelists have been conventional to the verge of fussiness. The romancer deals with individuality, with characters in vacuo idealized by revery, and, However conservative he may be, something nihilistic and untamable will likely break out of his pages.{{sfn|Frye|1950|p=584}} }}
{{quote|The novelist deals with personality, with characters wearing their ''personae'' or social masks. He needs the framework of a stable society, and many of our best novelists have been conventional to the verge of fussiness. The romancer deals with individuality, with characters ''in vacuo'' idealized by revery, and, however conservative he may be, something nihilistic and untamable will likely break out of his pages.{{sfn|Frye|1950|p=584}} }}


{{cquote|The epic requires as its object the occurrence of an action, which must achieve expression in the whole breadth of its circumstance and relations as a rich event connected with the total world of a nation and epoch.{{sfn|Moretti|1996|p=11}} }}
{{quote|The epic requires as its object the occurrence of an action which must achieve expression in the whole breadth of its circumstance and relations as a rich event connected with the total world of a nation and epoch.{{sfn|Moretti|1996|p=11}} }}


{{dc|dc=J|ames Jones was a born novelist}}. Norman Mailer was a born writer. This distinction holds, I believe, across the two authors’ life work. I illustrate this distinction here for only the authors’ first published novels, ''The Naked and the Dead'' and ''From Here to Eternity''. However, I believe these illustrations help assess not only the quality of these two books and each author’s career.{{pg|318|319}}
{{dc|dc=J|ames Jones was a born novelist}}. Norman Mailer was a born writer. This distinction holds, I believe, across the two authors’ life work. I illustrate this distinction here for only the authors’ first published novels, ''The Naked and the Dead'' and ''From Here to Eternity''. However, I believe these illustrations help assess not only the quality of these two books and each author’s career.{{pg|318|319}}
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''From Here to Eternity'' can only receive glancing blows from the criticisms of Jones’s writing for that book because these are largely irrelevant to most of the book’s writing. The same can be said for ''The Thin Red Line'' and ''Whistle''. ''Some Came Running'' may be another story. (For convenience, I ignore all of Jones’s books, but only the four that were mentioned.) On the one hand, the power of its underlying narrative, documentary scope and cogency, and rich characterization seems to compare to that of ''From Here to Eternity''. (Here we have aspects of Jones’s creativity perhaps even more effectively expressed by Minnelli’s 1958 film than by Zinnemann’s excellent 1953 one.) Moreover, Jones scholars have claimed with great zeal thematic and spiritual merits for the voluminous stretches of writing in ''Running'' that do not conform to the model of transparent writing and drama-like novelistic presentation described here for ''Running''. Alas, with ''Running'', critics of Jones’s style have a large target. Perhaps champions of Jones might devise defenses for his literary style—say via elaboration of Garret’s claim that what looks awkward about the style of ''Running'' has an unappreciated idiomatic grace. However, such a defense seems to me no more than sketched.{{pg|329|330}}
''From Here to Eternity'' can only receive glancing blows from the criticisms of Jones’s writing for that book because these are largely irrelevant to most of the book’s writing. The same can be said for ''The Thin Red Line'' and ''Whistle''. ''Some Came Running'' may be another story. (For convenience, I ignore all of Jones’s books, but only the four that were mentioned.) On the one hand, the power of its underlying narrative, documentary scope and cogency, and rich characterization seems to compare to that of ''From Here to Eternity''. (Here we have aspects of Jones’s creativity perhaps even more effectively expressed by Minnelli’s 1958 film than by Zinnemann’s excellent 1953 one.) Moreover, Jones scholars have claimed with great zeal thematic and spiritual merits for the voluminous stretches of writing in ''Running'' that do not conform to the model of transparent writing and drama-like novelistic presentation described here for ''Running''. Alas, with ''Running'', critics of Jones’s style have a large target. Perhaps champions of Jones might devise defenses for his literary style—say via elaboration of Garret’s claim that what looks awkward about the style of ''Running'' has an unappreciated idiomatic grace. However, such a defense seems to me no more than sketched.{{pg|329|330}}
===''The Naked and the Dead''===  
===''The Naked and the Dead''===  
Some critics found the structure of ''The Naked and the Dead'' baggy.{{efn|Dickstein|2005}} refers to Jones’s ''The Thin Red Line'' as “a tighter, more disciplined rejoinder to The Naked and the Dead” and charges Mailer with filling in his characters’ backgrounds “clumsily.”}} In particular, they have charged that its narrative is encumbered and diffused by the Time Machine profiles of principal characters and by a late usurpation of the protagonist’s role by Sergeant Croft. Here, I dispute these criticisms partly because they are put in a new, more accurate light that is more favorable to ''Naked''  when this is considered an instance of Moretti’s “modern epic.” Regarding the sometimes imputed ungainliness of the Time Machine segments, critics have overlooked the function of the Time Machine segments—not as a plot element in a well-structured novelistic narrative, but as a kind of post-Crash extension of the 1910-1930 sociological and linguistic profile of the U.S.A. provided by the social disparate cast of Dos Passos’s ''U.S.A.'' In doing this, they fail to judge ''Naked'' as a “modern epic” with stress on “a summation of a social and cultural totality” and as no simple traditional war novel.{{sfn|Moretti|1996|p=11}}
Some critics found the structure of ''The Naked and the Dead'' baggy.{{efn|{{harvtxt|Dickstein|2005|p=25}} refers to Jones’s ''The Thin Red Line'' as “a tighter, more disciplined rejoinder to ''The Naked and the Dead'' and charges Mailer with filling in his characters’ backgrounds “cumsily.”}} In particular, they have charged that its narrative is encumbered and diffused by the Time Machine profiles of principal characters and by a late usurpation of the protagonist’s role by Sergeant Croft. Here, I dispute these criticisms partly because they are put in a new, more accurate light that is more favorable to ''Naked''  when this is considered an instance of Moretti’s “modern epic.” Regarding the sometimes imputed ungainliness of the Time Machine segments, critics have overlooked the function of the Time Machine segments—not as a plot element in a well-structured novelistic narrative, but as a kind of post-Crash extension of the 1910-1930 sociological and linguistic profile of the U.S.A. provided by the social disparate cast of Dos Passos’s ''U.S.A.'' In doing this, they fail to judge ''Naked'' as a “modern epic” with stress on “a summation of a social and cultural totality” and as no simple traditional war novel.{{sfn|Moretti|1996|p=11}}


Further, critics have tended to overlook the sheer propulsive vigor of ''Naked''’s narrative, which belies technical claims against this narrative’s construction.
Further, critics have tended to overlook the sheer propulsive vigor of ''Naked''’s narrative, which belies technical claims against this narrative’s construction.
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In addition, Mailer’s prose sometimes attains a roiling power and dignity, most especially in its “overspirit” mode, using its use or near use of the “heroic” line: “Ahead, ahead, ahead, ahead, moving” catches the cadence of this pentameter, splendidly detailed for Mailer’s writings by Christopher Ricks. For example, “The moon was out, limning  the deck housings.”{{sfn|Ricks|2008|p=10}} Returning to Mailer on the movement of that 77mm artillery piece, we have a final phrase that begins with the heroic line:
In addition, Mailer’s prose sometimes attains a roiling power and dignity, most especially in its “overspirit” mode, using its use or near use of the “heroic” line: “Ahead, ahead, ahead, ahead, moving” catches the cadence of this pentameter, splendidly detailed for Mailer’s writings by Christopher Ricks. For example, “The moon was out, limning  the deck housings.”{{sfn|Ricks|2008|p=10}} Returning to Mailer on the movement of that 77mm artillery piece, we have a final phrase that begins with the heroic line:


<blockquote>Once or twice, a flare filtered a wan and delicate bluish light over them, the light almost lost in the dense foliage through which it had to pass. In the brief moment it lasted, they were caught at their guns in classic straining motions with the form and beauty of a frieze. The water and the dark slime of the trail twice blackened their uniforms. Moreover, the light shone on them instantly, and their faces stood out, white and contorted. Even the guns had a slender articulated beauty like an insect reared back on its wire haunches. Then darkness swirled about them again, and they ground the guns forward mindlessly, a line of ants dragging their burden back to their hole.{{sfn|Mailer|1948|p=116}}</blockquote> {{pg|334|335}} <blockquote>That is, we have, with some intriguing mix of heroic irony, Mailer’s dignification of the routine derided as the “heroic” beat of “a line of ants dragging their burden back”{{sfn|Mailer|1948|p=116}}</blockquote>
<blockquote>Once or twice, a flare filtered a wan and delicate bluish light over them, the light almost lost in the dense foliage through which it had to pass. In the brief moment it lasted, they were caught at their guns in classic straining motions with the form and beauty of a frieze. The water and the dark slime of the trail twice blackened their uniforms. Moreover, the light shone on them instantly, and their faces stood out, white and contorted. Even the guns had a slender articulated beauty like an insect reared back on its wire haunches. Then darkness swirled about them again, and they ground the guns forward mindlessly, a line of ants dragging their burden back to their hole.{{sfn|Mailer|1948|p=116}}</blockquote> {{pg|334|335}} <blockquote>That is, we have, with some intriguing mix of heroic irony, Mailer’s dignification of the routine derided as the “heroic” beat of “a line of ants dragging their burden back.”{{sfn|Mailer|1948|p=116}}</blockquote>


Neither ''The Naked and the Dead'' nor ''From Here to Eternity'' is remarkable for such stylistic innovation or sustained eloquence as we find, say, in ''The Sun Also Rises'', ''The Sound and the Fury'', ''Invisible Man'', A''ugie Marsh'', or ''Pale Fire''. Each, however, is masterful in realizing its basic fictional design. ''From Here to Eternity'' dramatizes a social milieu unexcelled in American writing. ''The Naked and the Dead'' provides a vision of the U.S.A. combat in the Pacific theater of World War II and during the preceding decade, plus a look into the future. Stylistically, ''From Here to Eternity''  frequently attains the peculiar eloquence of great drama in which the audience witnesses intense action directly. ''The Naked and the Dead'' rises intermittently to a level of stylistic eloquence above and beyond the call of its particular fictional duty.
Neither ''The Naked and the Dead'' nor ''From Here to Eternity'' is remarkable for such stylistic innovation or sustained eloquence as we find, say, in ''The Sun Also Rises'', ''The Sound and the Fury'', ''Invisible Man'', A''ugie Marsh'', or ''Pale Fire''. Each, however, is masterful in realizing its basic fictional design. ''From Here to Eternity'' dramatizes a social milieu unexcelled in American writing. ''The Naked and the Dead'' provides a vision of the U.S.A. combat in the Pacific theater of World War II and during the preceding decade, plus a look into the future. Stylistically, ''From Here to Eternity''  frequently attains the peculiar eloquence of great drama in which the audience witnesses intense action directly. ''The Naked and the Dead'' rises intermittently to a level of stylistic eloquence above and beyond the call of its particular fictional duty.
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==Citations==
==Citations==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|15em}}


==Work Cited==
==Work Cited==
{{refbegin|20em|indent=yes}}
{{refbegin|20em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite book |last=Burgess |first=Anthony |url= |title=99 Novels: The Best English Novels Since 1939 |publisher=New York: Summit |year=1984 |isbn= |location= |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Burgess |first=Anthony |url= |title=99 Novels: The Best English Novels Since 1939 |publisher=New York: Summit |year=1984 |isbn= |location= |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Carson |first=Tom |url= |title=”The Hell with Literature: James Jones’s Unvarnished Truths” |date=28 September 1984 |publisher=Village Voice Literary Supplement |isbn= |edition=1st |location= |pages=18-20 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Carson |first=Tom |url= |title=The Hell with Literature: James Jones’s Unvarnished Truths |date=28 September 1984 |publisher=Village Voice Literary Supplement |isbn= |edition=1st |location= |pages=18-20 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Carter |first=Steven R. |url= |title=James Jones: An American Literary Orientalist Master |date= |publisher=United States: U of Illinois P |year=1998 |isbn= |location= |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Carter |first=Steven R. |url= |title=James Jones: An American Literary Orientalist Master |date= |publisher=U of Illinois P |year=1998 |isbn= |location= |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Dickstein |first=Morris |url= |title=Leopards in the Temple: The Transformation of American Fiction, 1945-1970  |publisher=Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP |year=2005 |isbn= |location= |pages=25 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Dickstein |first=Morris |url= |title=Leopards in the Temple: The Transformation of American Fiction, 1945-1970  |publisher=Harvard UP |year=2005 |isbn= |location=Cambridge, MA |pages=25 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |author=Frye |first=Northrop |url= |title=Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays. |publisher=Princeton: Princeton UP |year=1957 |isbn= |location= |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |author=Frye |first=Northrop |url= |title=Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays. |publisher=Princeton UP |year=1957 |isbn= |location=Princeton |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite journal |last=Frye |first=Northrop |title=The Four Forms of Prose Fiction |url= |journal= Hudson Review |volume= 2 |issue= 4 |pages=582-598 |date=1950 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite journal |last=Frye |first=Northrop |authormask=1 |title=The Four Forms of Prose Fiction |url= |journal=Hudson Review |volume= 2 |issue=4 |pages=582-598 |date=1950 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Garret |first=George P.|title=James Jones |date=1984 |publisher=New York: Harcourt |isbn= |edition= |location= |pages=100 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Garret |first=George P. |title=James Jones |date=1984 |publisher=Harcourt |isbn= |edition= |location=New York |pages=|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Jones |first=James |url= |title=From Here to Eternity |publisher=New York: Scribner |year=1951 |isbn= |location= ||pages=3-858|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Jones |first=James |url= |title=From Here to Eternity |publisher=Scribner |year=1951 |isbn= |location=New York |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Mailer |first=Norman |url= |title=The Naked and the Dead |date= |publisher=New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston|isbn= |location= |publication-date=1948 |pages=86-88|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Mailer |first=Norman |url= |title=The Naked and the Dead |date= |publisher=Holt, Rinehart, and Winston|isbn= |location=New York |publication-date=1948 |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Manso |first=Peter |url= |title=Mailer: His Life and Times |publisher=New York: Simon |isbn= |location= |publication-date=1985 |pages=|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Manso |first=Peter |url= |title=Mailer: His Life and Times |publisher=Simon |isbn= |location=New York |publication-date=1985 |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Meyer |first=Michael |url= |title=The Bedford Introduction to Literature: Reading, Thinking, Writing  |publisher=Boston: Bedford |year=2005 |isbn= |location= |pages= 2128|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Meyer |first=Michael |url= |title=The Bedford Introduction to Literature: Reading, Thinking, Writing  |publisher=Bedford |year=2005 |isbn= |location=Boston |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Moretti |first=Franco |title=Modern Epic: The World System from Goethe to Garcia Marquez |date=1996 |publisher=London: Verso |isbn= |location= |pages=11-14|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Moretti |first=Franco |title=Modern Epic: The World System from Goethe to Garcia Marquez |date=1996 |publisher=Verso |isbn= |location=London |pages= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Ricks |first=Christopher |title=”Mailers Rhythm” The Norman Mailer Society Conference |isbn= |edition=Keynote Speaker |location=Provincetown, MA |publication-date=2008|pages=10|ref=harv }}
* {{cite speech |last=Ricks |first=Christopher |date=October 2008 |title=Mailer’s Rhythm |url= |event=The Norman Mailer Society Conference |location=Provincetown, MA |publisher= |access-date= }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}